Concurrent validity was assessed in two ways. The alpha coefficients were calculated from a pool of questionnaires completed by 52 such subjects resulting in a total index alpha of 0.80, with all items having individual alpha scores above 0.75.

Test-retest reliability was conducted on an initial sample of 17 consecutive 'whiplash'-injured patients in an outpatient clinic, resulting in good statistical significance (Pearson's r = 0.89, p less than or equal to. Face validity was ensured through peer-review and patient feedback sessions. A modification of the Oswestry Low Back Pain Index was conducted producing a 10-item scaled questionnaire entitled the Neck Disability Index (NDI). Methods of assessment for such disability, especially those targeted at activities of daily living which are most affected by neck pain, are few in number. More robust studies with greater than mild neck pain and disability participants are needed to estimate effect sizes and adequately power larger comparison trials.Injuries to the cervical spine, especially those involving the soft tissues, represent a significant source of chronic disability. Results suggest TrPtSC may improve CNP outcomes. Our TrPtSC group training approach met objectives and our study design is feasible for larger scale trials. Three participants reported 23-30% improvement by studyвЂ™s end.

All participants had improved NDI at week-4 and week-8 compared to baseline. Week-1 follow-up: 1 participant had no NDI change, 1 participant worsened, and 3 reported 23-50% improvement. Baseline NDI categorized all participants as mild neck pain with disability (mean NDI=10.4в’.1). By the end of the TrPtSC training, all participants agreed or strongly agreed they achieved all intended training objectives. Participants documented their individualized TrPtSC plan adherence daily.ДЇive participants (women=3 ages 22-58 White=5) enrolled in the study and two separate group training sessions occurred (n=3 & 2, respectively). Handouts and tools were provided for training and home TrPtSC. Intervention: three-hour TrPtSC training with interactive lecture, demonstration, supervised practice, and private assessment with individualized TrPtSC plan development. Measures: pre-/post-TrPtSC training objectives survey, TrPtSC daily self-report log, NDI and 11-point pain rating scale. Participants: self-identified adults with CNP and Neck Disability Index (NDI) в‰Ґ4. No study has examined a) feasibility of conducting TrPtSC training in a research setting, b) ability of such programs to meet stated training objectives, c) adherence to personalized TrPtSC plans, and d) TrPtSC outcomes for CNP.ДЄ pilot observational, pre- post-intervention cohort study with 1-, 4-, and 8-week follow-ups was implemented. Due to massageвЂ™s out-of-pocket costs, TrPt self-care (TrPtSC) may serve as a cost-effective treatment that may reach broader populations. Trigger points (TrPts) are thought to be associated with chronic neck pain (CNP) and can be treated with massage techniques. Massage is a non-pharmacological approach for neck pain with building evidence.

Neck disability index spanish pdf